At the risk of offending the sensibilities of some amateur radio operators, and based on a 30 year association with same (KL7FBI, on beautiful Shemya Island, Akaska, and now re-licensed as WI6SLD), I have to throw my two cents in regarding the non-licensed use of a radio:
While it is true that non-licensed use is illegal, there is the legal concept of "In Extremis" which dictates that when in a life and death situation, virtually anything goes. Reference:
gaares.org/documents/Amateur%20Radio%20usage%20by%20non-Hams.pdfThe rationale is that if a life is threatened, one can use whatever means necessary to summon help, or to provide assistance. The example in the attached link is a good example.
More pertinent would be a scenario such as this:
John Doe, with no amateur radio license, drives down Highway 2 and spots a car over the side. He runs over to the car to render aid, and finds a licensed amateur radio operator unconscious in the vehicle, and bleeding profusely.
Doe's cell phone has no signal, but he sees a nice dual-band amateur radio in the victim's car. He keys the mike and starts asking for help...
Illegal? On paper, yes.
Will John Doe be prosecuted? Not likely.
Should he feel bad because he "broke the law"? Not even.
When I was stationed in Thailand (7th Radio Research Field Station) I learned a story about one of the queens in the old kingdom who fell overboard off of a barge. She couldn't swim, and it was strictly illegal to touch a member of the royal family, so the boat crew and others watched her drown...
Of the many amateur radio operators I have known over the years, I have always detected a prevelence of operating only in strict black and white, concrete thinking paradigms.
While that is important if you're following schematics while building a radio, it can be an impediment when real life situations arise that dictate thinking out of the box.
My opinion, for what it's worth, is you do what you have to do in an emergency, and worry about the fallout later.
I think it's a disservice to tell people on this site that if there's an emergency, and they have the chance to summon help on an amateur radio, that they should not do so unless they're licensed.